After a drug target is identified and validated, research now focuses on lead discovery, also known as lead identification and screening, in which multiple drug candidates are developed. Leads must be shown to reach the target and modulate its activity in vivo while acting within acceptable safety margins. At this stage, high-throughput screening is typically used to identify promising candidates for a lead (hit-to-lead). Show more
Potential leads are evaluated for a range of properties that can include selectivity, binding mechanism(s) and kinetic analysis, dose-response curves, tractability to modifications, potency, in vitro toxicity, and orthogonal testing. Based on the results of this initial testing regimen, new lead-related candidates are evaluated, for example, antibodies optimized by protein engineering for increased efficacy and specificity or reduced immunogenicity. This stage is known as lead optimization. Show less
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Gene ExpressionMeasure gene expression and copy number variation (CNV) in response to lead molecule screening with high sensitivity and absolute quantitation using Droplet Digital™ PCR. Utilize our automated real-time PCR systems and liquid handling systems for higher-throughput analysis needs. Combine these with our validated PCR primers for guaranteed lead discovery assay performance. Droplet Digital PCR Systems
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Protein Purification and QuantificationChoose from a broad selection of chromatography columns and resins and modular FPLC systems for rapid purification of your lead molecules, antibodies or other proteins of interest. Evaluate and quantitate proteins using a range of complementary technologies. Multiplex Immunoassays |
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Cell ScreeningFor evaluation of the effects of lead molecules on cells, as in high-content screening (HCS) methods, Bio-Rad offers equipment for cell imaging, counting, and sorting, and flow cytometry. Cell Imaging |
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Antibodies and IsotypingChoose from an extensive range of antibodies for use in your screening assays or utilize our custom antibody services. Antibodies by Application |
Biochemical and Cellular Assays
In vitro and in vivo discovery approaches with high sample throughput and high-content analysis to characterize biological responses.
Biomarker Discovery & Validation
Biomarker monitoring across drug discovery, development, and clinical stages is key to defining drug effects.
Biologic Development
Biologic development brings patients closer to personalized medicine to treat health problems.
Biosimilar Development
Biosimilar development requires physicochemical and functional characterization to ensure similarity.
Cancer Immunotherapy Development
Learn about trends in cancer immunotherapy development, such as CAR-T, and tools for genomic, cellular, and proteomic research.
CRISPR Gene Editing
CRISPR enables researchers to edit their desired target genes efficiently and accelerate drug development.
Viral Vector Vaccine Development
The COVID-19 pandemic opened the door to expedited vaccine development using new technologies and therapies that have traditionally been used in other applications.